{"id":1024,"date":"2020-08-26T16:22:39","date_gmt":"2020-08-26T08:22:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/summersnow2001.wordpress.com\/?p=1024"},"modified":"2020-08-26T16:22:39","modified_gmt":"2020-08-26T08:22:39","slug":"seven-practical-human-factors-and-ergonomics-hf-e-tips-for-teleworking-or-home-learning","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/summersnow.eu.org\/?p=1024","title":{"rendered":"Seven Practical Human Factors and Ergonomics (HF\/E) Tips for Teleworking or Home-learning"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u5de5\u6548\u5b66\u63d0\u793a\uff08\u4e00\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u5982\u4f55\u505a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u66f4\u591a\u63d0\u793a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

-20-20-20\u5efa\u8bae\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u52a0\u5dde\u9a8c\u5149\u5e08Jeffrey Anshel\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u7528\u4e8e\u9884\u9632\u773c\u775b\u75b2\u52b3\u7684\u7b80\u6613\u63d0\u793a[1-2]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u2013\u6709\u610f\u5730\u628a\u5de5\u4f5c\u5b89\u6392\u5f97\u591a\u6837\u5316\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u6574\u5929\u51dd\u89c6\u5c4f\u5e55\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u89c2\u770b\u7f51\u4e0a\u4f1a\u8bae\u65f6\uff0c\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e66\u5199\u5de5\u5177\u505a\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u4ee3\u66ff\u952e\u76d8\u6253\u5b57\u6216\u5e73\u677f\u8f93\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[1] Anshel JR. (2007) Visual ergonomicsin the workplace. AAOHN J. 55(10):414-20; quiz 421-2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2] American Optometric Association.Computer Vision Syndrome. Available at: https:\/\/www.aoa.org\/patients-and-public\/caring-for-your-vision\/protecting-your-vision\/computer-vision-syndrome?sso=y<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3] Does the 20-20-20 rule prevent eyestrain? https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/321536#how-to-use-the-20-20-20-rule<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u2013\u5de5\u4f5c\u6548\u7387\u4e0b\u964d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013\u8fc7\u5ea6\u75b2\u52b3<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5982\u4f55\u505a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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-10\u5206\u949f\u5750\u59ff\u52a05\u5206\u949f\u7ad9\u59ff\u7ec4\u5408\u662f\u7ef4\u6301\u4eba\u4eec\u5524\u9192\u6c34\u5e73\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ee9\u6548\u7684\u597d\u65b9\u5f0f[2]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u66f4\u591a\u63d0\u793a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u2013\u6839\u636e\u4e16\u754c\u536b\u751f\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff08WHO\uff09\u8eab\u4f53\u4e0d\u6d3b\u52a8\u5728\u5168\u7403\u7ea6\u5bfc\u81f45.5%\u7684\u81f4\u6b7b\u98ce\u9669\u56e0\u7d20[4]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013\u4f60\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7f51\u4e0a\u627e\u5230\u5f88\u591a\u6709\u5173\u5750\u2013\u7ad9\u5f0f\u529e\u516c\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u627e\u5230\u5982\u4f55\u9002\u5f53\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[1] Yamamoto K, Matsuda F, et al. (2020) Identifying characteristics of indicators of sedentary behavior using objective measurements, Journal of Occupational Health, 62: e12089.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2] Ebara T, Kubo T, et al.(2008) Effects of adjustable sit-stand VDT workstations on workers\u2019 musculoskeletal discomfort, alertness and performance, Ind Health. 46(5):497-505.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3] Dunstan DW, et al. (2012) Breaking up prolonged sitting reduces postprandial glucose and insulin responses, Diabetes Care, 35(5):976-83.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4] WHO (2009) GLOBAL HEALTH RISKS -Mortality and burden of disease attributable to selected major risks, https:\/\/www.who.int\/healthinfo\/global_burden_disease\/GlobalHealthRisks_report_full.pdf<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5de5\u6548\u5b66\u63d0\u793a\uff08\u4e09\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u2013\u77ed\u4fe1\u8116\u7efc\u5408\u75c7<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[1] Gold JE, Driban JB, et al. (2012) Postures, typing strategies, and gender differences in mobile device usage: an observational study, Appl Ergon. 43(2):408-12.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2] Xie Y, Szeto G, Dai J. (2017) Prevalence and risk factors associated with musculoskeletal complaints among users of mobile handheld devices: A systematic review., Appl Ergon. 59(Pt A):132-142.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3] Kim M.S. (2015) Influence of neck pain on cervical movement in the sagittal plane during smartphone use, J. Phys. Ther. Sci., 27 (1) :15-17.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4] Lee S, Kang H, Shin G. (2015) Head flexion angle while using a smartphone. Ergonomics, 58(2):220-6.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5de5\u6548\u5b66\u63d0\u793a\uff08\u56db\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u539f\u56e0\u89e3\u6790<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u624b\u6301\u79fb\u52a8\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u662f\u5c3a\u5bf8\u8f83\u5c0f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u5355\u624b\u7aef\u7740\u548c\u64cd\u63a7\uff0c\u4f46\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u7c7b\u8bbe\u5907\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5934\u90e8\u524d\u503e\uff0c\u800c\u524d\u503e\u7a0b\u5ea6\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u5219\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u9888\u90e8\u548c\u80a9\u90e8\u538b\u529b\u4e5f\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e0a\u81c2\u808c\u8089\u9aa8\u9abc\u75be\u75c5\uff08MSDs\uff09\u3001\u77ed\u4fe1\u8116\u75c5\u548c\u591a\u79cd\u9888\u90e8\u808c\u8089\u9aa8\u9abc\u75be\u75c5\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5f53\u9700\u8981\u89c2\u770b\u5c4f\u5e55\u8fbe\u5230\u4e00\u5b9a\u65f6\u957f\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff08\u5927\u7ea6\u8d85\u8fc715\u5206\u949f\uff09\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528\u652f\u67b6\/\u5916\u5957\u6765\u652f\u6491\u5e73\u677f\u7535\u8111\/\u667a\u80fd\u624b\u673a\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7528\u624b\u6765\u7aef\u7740\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5c1d\u8bd5\u7528\u4e00\u5806\u4e66\u6216\u6742\u5fd7\u628a\u8bbe\u5907\u9ad8\u5ea6\u62ac\u9ad8\u5230\u773c\u775b\u6c34\u5e73\u6216\u7565\u4f4e\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u98ce\u9669\/<\/strong>\u75c7\u72b6<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013\u591a\u79cd\u9888\u90e8\u808c\u8089\u9aa8\u9abc\u75be\u75c5\/\u8116\u5b50\u75bc<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013\u77ed\u4fe1\u8116\u7efc\u5408\u75c7<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013\u5934\u75bc<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5982\u4f55\u505a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013\u5728\u89c2\u770b\u65f6\uff0c\u5c4f\u5e55\u5e94\u8be5\u653e\u5230\u6b63\u5bf9\u4f60\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u626d\u66f2\u6216\u4e0d\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u9605\u8bfb\u59ff\u52bf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013\u4fdd\u6301\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5c4f\u5e55\u89c2\u770b\u8ddd\u79bb\u5bf9\u4e8e\u907f\u514d\u773c\u775b\u75b2\u52b3\u548c\u5934\/\u9888\u5f2f\u66f2\u4e5f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u8ddd\u79bb\u8fc7\u8fdc\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u524d\u503e\u59ff\u52bf\uff0c\u5f15\u53d1\u77ed\u4fe1\u8116\u75c5\uff1b\u800c\u8ddd\u79bb\u8fc7\u8fd1\u4e14\u5c4f\u5e55\u4eae\u5ea6\u8fc7\u9ad8\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u773c\u775b\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4fdd\u6301\u5408\u9002\u8ddd\u79bb\u6bd4\u8f83\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u628a\u8bbe\u5907\u653e\u7f6e\u5230\u4f60\u4e00\u4e2a\u81c2\u957f\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013\u8c03\u6574\u5c4f\u5e55\u89c2\u770b\u89d2\u5ea6\u3002\u9700\u8981\u628a\u8bbe\u5907\u653e\u7f6e\u5230\u773c\u775b\u9ad8\u5ea6\u6216\u7565\u4f4e\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5e73\u677f\u7535\u8111\/\u667a\u80fd\u624b\u673a\u652f\u67b6\/\u5916\u5957\u6bd4\u8f83\u6613\u4e8e\u8c03\u8282\u89d2\u5ea6\u3002\u91c7\u53d6\u63aa\u65bd\u9632\u6b62\u76f4\u63a5\/\u95f4\u63a5\u70ab\u5149\u4e5f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u8c03\u8282\u529e\u516c\u684c\u5e03\u7f6e\u6216\u5149\u6e90\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5149\u7ebf\u76f4\u5c04\u5230\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a\uff0c\u8c03\u8282\u5c4f\u5e55\u4f4d\u7f6e\u51cf\u5c0f\u70ab\u5149\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u66f4\u591a\u63d0\u793a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013\u4f7f\u7528\u5e73\u677f\u7535\u8111\u8ddf\u4f7f\u7528\u7eb8\u5f20\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u4f46\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u810a\u67f1\u66f4\u52a0\u504f\u79bb\u81ea\u7136\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u80a9\u80db\u9aa8\u66f4\u52a0\u62ac\u5347\uff0c\u4e0a\u659c\u65b9\u808c\u548c\u9888\u690e\u5468\u8fb9\u808c\u8089\u6d3b\u52a8\u7d27\u5f20\u52a0\u5267\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u59ff\u52bf\u53d8\u5316\u548c\u808c\u8089\u6d3b\u52a8\u66f4\u5927\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u5e73\u677f\u7535\u8111\u8ddf\u4f7f\u7528\u53f0\u5f0f\u7535\u8111\u76f8\u6bd4\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u660e\u786e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u808c\u8089\u9aa8\u9abc\u538b\u529b[1]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u5c4f\u5e55\u4eae\u5ea6\u9ad8\u4e8e\u5468\u56f4\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u8c03\u6574\u5176\u4eae\u5ea6\u4f7f\u4e4b\u4e0e\u5468\u56f4\u73af\u5883\u4eae\u5ea6\u63a5\u8fd1\u3002\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u5e73\u677f\u7535\u8111\/\u667a\u80fd\u624b\u673a\u5df2\u7ecf\u88c5\u6709\u7167\u5ea6\u4f20\u611f\u5668\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u6253\u5f00\u4e86\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u8282\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u8282\u4eae\u5ea6\u3002\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u7801\u8bbe\u5907\u65f6\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5468\u56f4\u73af\u5883\u4eae\u5ea6\u9002\u5ea6\u4e14\u5145\u8db3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[1] StrakerLM, Coleman J, et al. (2008) A comparison of posture and muscle activity duringtablet computer, desktop computer and paper use by young children, Ergonomics,51(4):540-55.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5de5\u6548\u5b66\u63d0\u793a\uff08\u4e94\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u548c\u89c2\u770b\u6570\u7801\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u65f6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u6a2a\u5411\u653e\u7f6e\u6a21\u5f0f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6807\u51c6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u539f\u56e0\u89e3\u6790<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u4e34\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u5e73\u677f\u7535\u8111\/\u667a\u80fd\u624b\u673a\u8f93\u5165\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u6d4f\u89c8\u6216\u89c2\u770b\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5e94\u4f7f\u7528\u53cc\u624b\u7aef\u7740\u3002\u4eba\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u5c3a\u5bf8\u5927\u4e14\u91cd\u7684\u5e73\u677f\u7535\u8111\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u548c\u751f\u7269\u529b\u5b66\u7279\u6027\u90fd\u660e\u663e\u8f83\u5dee\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5e94\u9650\u5236\u5355\u624b\u4f7f\u7528[1]<\/sup>\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u7528\u5355\u624b\u5c06\u5e73\u677f\u7535\u8111\/\u667a\u80fd\u624b\u673a\u62ff\u6210\u7eb5\u5411\u6a21\u5f0f\u4f1a\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b57\u4f53\u548c\u5185\u5bb9\u5c3a\u5bf8\u53d8\u5c0f\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u53ef\u89c6\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u98ce\u9669\/<\/strong>\u75c7\u72b6<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013\u4e0a\u81c2\/\u9888\u90e8\u808c\u8089\u9aa8\u9abc\u7efc\u5408\u75c7<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u4f4e\uff0c\u53ef\u89c6\u6027\u5dee<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013\u773c\u775b\u75b2\u52b3<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013\u5de5\u4f5c\u4f4e\u6548<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5982\u4f55\u505a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013\u5c06\u5c4f\u5e55\u65cb\u8f6c\u5230\u6a2a\u5411\u6a21\u5f0f\u5728\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u5f62\u4e0b\u53ef\u653e\u5927\u5b57\u7b26\u5c3a\u5bf8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013\u628a\u5e73\u677f\u7535\u8111\u6c34\u5e73\u653e\u7f6e\u5230\u684c\u5b50\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u6a2a\u5411\u6a21\u5f0f\u53ef\u6269\u5927\u5c4f\u5e55\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u952e\u76d8\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u5c4f\u5e55\u952e\u76d8\u8f93\u5165\u4fe1\u606f\u65f6\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5730\u653e\u5927\u952e\u76d8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013\u6309\u952e\u95f4\u8ddd\u662f\u5f71\u54cd\u6253\u5b57\u901f\u5ea6\u7684\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd8\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u4e2d\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u9519\u8bef\u548c\u4e0d\u6ee1\u610f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013\u8bb0\u4f4f\u867d\u7136\u5728\u684c\u5b50\u4e0a\u5e73\u653e\u5e73\u677f\u7535\u8111\u53ef\u4ee5\u62ff\u6765\u6253\u5b57\u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\u89e6\u7b14\u53ca\u84dd\u7259\u7b14\u4e66\u5199\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u4ecd\u7136\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u9888\u90e8\u5f2f\u66f2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u66f4\u591a\u63d0\u793a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013\u5373\u4f7f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8f7b\u578b\u7684\u5e73\u677f\u7535\u8111\uff0c\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fa\u5b9a\u59ff\u52bf\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u65e0\u652f\u6491\u5730\u7aef\u7740\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u9888\u90e8\u3001\u8155\u90e8\u548c\u80f3\u818a\u51fa\u73b0\u808c\u8089\u9aa8\u9abc\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013\u5728\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u4e34\u65f6\u7aef\u7740\u5e73\u677f\u7535\u8111\u65f6\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u9009\u62e9\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5916\u5957\u6613\u4e8e\u53cc\u624b\u63e1\u7d27\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013\u5f53\u9700\u8981\u8f83\u957f\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u89c2\u770b\u5c4f\u5e55\u65f6\uff0c\u9488\u5bf9\u5e73\u677f\u7535\u8111\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u652f\u67b6\/\u5916\u5957\u6765\u8c03\u8282\u5176\u9ad8\u5ea6\u548c\u503e\u89d2\uff1b\u9488\u5bf9\u7b14\u8bb0\u672c\u7535\u8111\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u652f\u67b6\uff0c\u5982\u672c\u6587\u6863\u5c01\u76ae\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[1] PereiraA, Miller T, Huang YM et al. (2013) Holding a tablet computer with one hand:effect of tablet design features on biomechanics and subjective usability amongusers with small hands, Ergonomics, 56(9):1363-75.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5de5\u6548\u5b66\u63d0\u793a\uff08\u516d\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u505c\u4e0b\u2013\u843d\u4e0b\u2013\u5782\u4e0b\uff08STOP-DROP-FLOP\uff09\uff01[1]<\/sup>\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e00\u7b80\u6613\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u7a0d\u5fae\u6682\u505c\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e76\u517b\u6210\u4e60\u60ef\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u539f\u56e0\u89e3\u6790<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201c\u505c\uff0c\u843d\uff0c\u6eda\uff08Stop, Drop, and Roll\uff09\u201d\u662f\u6559\u7ed9\u513f\u7ae5\u3001\u5e94\u6025\u670d\u52a1\u4eba\u5458\u548c\u4ea7\u4e1a\u5de5\u4eba\u5728\u8863\u670d\u7740\u706b\u65f6\u7684\u5e94\u5bf9\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u719f\u77e5\u7684\u706b\u707e\u5b89\u5168\u6807\u8bed\u3002\u4e0e\u8be5\u6807\u8bed\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u201d\u505c\u4e0b-\u843d\u4e0b-\u5782\u4e0b\uff08STOP-DROP-FLOP\uff09\u201d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u4eff\u7684\u6807\u8bed\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u4f60\u5728\u9891\u7e41\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u7801\u8bbe\u5907\u8f93\u5165\u4fe1\u606f\u65f6\u7ef4\u62a4\u81ea\u8eab\u5065\u5eb7\u536b\u751f\uff0c\u8bd5\u7740\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u517b\u6210\u4e60\u60ef\u5e76\u63d0\u793a\u81ea\u5df1\u7a0d\u5fae\u6682\u505c\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f11\u606f\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u98ce\u9669\/<\/strong>\u75c7\u72b6<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013\u91cd\u590d\u6027\u52b3\u635f\uff08RSI\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013\u9888\u90e8\u808c\u8089\u9aa8\u9abc\u75be\u75c5<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013\u4e0a\u81c2\/\u8155\u90e8\u808c\u8089\u9aa8\u9abc\u75be\u75c5<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5982\u4f55\u505a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013\u505c\u4e0b\u2013\u843d\u4e0b\u2013\u5782\u4e0b
\u4ee5\u4fbf\u7a0d\u5fae\u6682\u505c\u4f11\u606f\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5b8c\u4e00\u5c01\u90ae\u4ef6\u6216\u4fe1\u606f\u540e\uff0c\u505c\u4e0b\u624b\u91cc\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f38\u5c55\u5e76\u4e0b\u843d\u80a9\u8180\uff0c\u5c06\u53cc\u624b\u6cbf\u8eab\u4f53\u4e24\u4fa7\u5782\u4e0b[1]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013\u8bb0\u4f4f\u8fdb\u884c\u9888\u90e8\u6536\u7f29\u7ec3\u4e60\uff0c\u89c1\u4e0a\u56fe\u3002\u9888\u90e8\u6536\u7f29\u8fd0\u52a8\u662f\u6cbb\u7597\u9888\u90e8\u75bc\u75db\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u969c\u788d\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u7269\u7406\u7597\u6cd5[2]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u66f4\u591a\u63d0\u793a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013\u9891\u7e41\u8fdb\u884c\u7a0d\u5fae\u7684\u6682\u505c\u5e76\u5145\u5206\u8fdb\u884c\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7ec3\u4e60\uff0c\u662f\u9884\u9632\u4e0a\u80a2\u808c\u8089\u9aa8\u9abc\u7efc\u5408\u75c7\uff08\u5982\u91cd\u590d\u6027\u52b3\u635f\uff09\u7684\u4e00\u6761\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013\u5934\u90e8\u8d8a\u5411\u524d\u503e\uff0c\u9888\u90e8\u548c\u80a9\u90e8\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u529b\u5c31\u8d8a\u5927\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5e73\u5747\u5934\u90e8\u91cd\u91cf5kg\u5de6\u53f3\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u770b\u624b\u673a\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u9888\u90e8\u524d\u503e\u5f2f\u66f245\u5ea6\uff0c\u5219\u5728\u9888\u90e8\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u529b\u9ad8\u8fbe22kg[3]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

-2015\u5e74\u5168\u7403\u75be\u75c5\u8d1f\u62c5\u7814\u7a76\u663e\u793a\uff1a\u5728\u591a\u6570\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u8170\u690e\u75bc\u548c\u9888\u690e\u75bc\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u808c\u8089\u9aa8\u9abc\u75be\u75c5\u662f\u6b8b\u75be\u8c03\u6574\u751f\u547d\u5e74\u7684\u4e3b\u5bfc\u56e0\u7d20[4]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[1] Mobile Office Ltd., Ergonomicsguidance for mobile workers \u2013 quick reference sheets, https:\/\/www.mobileoffice.guru\/site_files\/5706\/upload_files\/mobileofficeallguidancedocv1.pdf?dl=1<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2] Pearson ND, Walmsley RP. (1995) Trial into the effects of repeated neck retractions in normal subjects, Spine,20(11):1245-50.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3] Hansraj KK. (2014) Assessment ofstresses in the cervical spine caused by posture and position of the head, SurgTechnol Int. 25:277-9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4] GBD 2015 Disease and InjuryIncidence and Prevalence Collaborators (2016) Global, regional, and nationalincidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases andinjuries, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of DiseaseStudy 2015, Lancet, 388(10053):1545-1602.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5de5\u6548\u5b66\u63d0\u793a\uff08\u4e03\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9700\u8981\u8f83\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u4f7f\u7528\u5e73\u677f\u7535\u8111\/\u667a\u80fd\u624b\u673a\u8f93\u5165\u4fe1\u606f\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u4f7f\u7528\u5916\u63a5\u7684\u5de5\u6548\u5b66\u952e\u76d8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u539f\u56e0\u89e3\u6790<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5f53\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u8f83\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u4f7f\u7528\u5e73\u677f\u7535\u8111\/\u667a\u80fd\u624b\u673a\u8f93\u5165\u5b57\u7b26\u65f6\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4f7f\u7528\u5916\u63a5\u7684\u5de5\u6548\u5b66\u952e\u76d8\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u952e\u76d8\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u5c4f\u5e55\u952e\u76d8\u5f55\u5165\u5b57\u7b26\u4f1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u6309\u952e\u95f4\u8ddd\u8fc7\u7a84\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u8fc7\u591a\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u7eb5\u5411\u6a21\u5f0f\u653e\u7f6e\u5c4f\u5e55\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u5728\u7eb5\u5411\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u7528\u5e73\u677f\u7535\u8111\/\u667a\u80fd\u624b\u673a\u5c4f\u5e55\u952e\u76d8\u6253\u5b57\u4f1a\u5f15\u8d77\u7ea6\u675f\u59ff\u52bf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u98ce\u9669\/<\/strong>\u75c7\u72b6<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013\u5de5\u4f5c\u4f4e\u6548<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013\u4e0a\u80a2\/\u9888\u90e8\u808c\u8089\u9aa8\u9abc\u75be\u75c5<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u4f4e<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5982\u4f55\u505a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u9700\u8981\u76f8\u5f53\u91cf\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u5e94\u4f7f\u7528\u5916\u754c\u84dd\u7259\u952e\u76d8[1]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013\u6309\u952e\u95f4\u8ddd\u662f\u5f71\u54cd\u6253\u5b57\u901f\u5ea6\u7684\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd8\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u4e2d\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u9519\u8bef\u548c\u4e0d\u6ee1\u610f\u5ea6\u3002\u5e94\u9009\u7528\u6807\u51c6\u6309\u952e\u95f4\u8ddd\uff0819mm\uff09\u7684\u5de5\u6548\u5b66\u952e\u76d8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013\u5c06\u952e\u76d8\u4e0e\u5c4f\u5e55\u5206\u79bb\u5f00\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u597d\u5904\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0e\u5c4f\u5e55\u7684\u5408\u9002\u89c2\u770b\u8ddd\u79bb\u4e0e\u952e\u76d8\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u8ddd\u79bb\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u80fd\u72ec\u7acb\u653e\u7f6e\u624d\u597d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u9891\u7e41\u4f7f\u7528\u952e\u76d8\uff0c\u5219\u5e94\u5c06\u952e\u76d8\u653e\u7f6e\u5230\u79bb\u8eab\u4f53\u8db3\u591f\u8fd1\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u5e94\u65e0\u9700\u4f38\u957f\u8098\u90e8\u3002\u4eba\u7684\u53ef\u8fbe\u7a7a\u95f4\uff08\u4e3b\u533a\u57df\uff09\u7684\u4f60\u524d\u65b9\u534a\u5f84\u4e3a40cm\u4ee5\u5185\u7684\u533a\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u66f4\u591a\u63d0\u793a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013\u65e0\u7ebf\u952e\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u84dd\u7259\u8fde\u63a5\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u591a\u6570\u5e73\u677f\u7535\u8111\/\u667a\u80fd\u624b\u673a\u517c\u5bb9\u3002\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5728\u7f51\u4e0a\u627e\u5230\u8fd9\u7c7b\u952e\u76d8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013\u5f53\u6309\u952e\u95f4\u8ddd\u8f83\u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5c3a\u9aa8\u4e25\u91cd\u79fb\u4f4d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u7684\u59ff\u52bf\u4e5f\u53d8\u5f97\u53d7\u9650\u5236\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5e94\u6ce8\u610f\u907f\u514d\u53d7\u9650\u7684\u59ff\u52bf[2]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[1] Mobile Office Ltd., Ergonomicsguidance for mobile workers \u2013 quick reference sheets, https:\/\/www.mobileoffice.guru\/site_files\/5706\/upload_files\/MobileOfficeAllGuidancedocv1.pdf?dl=1<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2] Saito S, Piccoli B et al. (2000) Ergonomic Guidelines for Using Notebook Personal Computers, Industrial Health,38:4421-434.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9488\u5bf9\u8fdc\u7a0b\u5de5\u4f5c<\/strong>\/<\/strong>\u5c45\u5bb6\u5b66\u4e60\u7684<\/strong>\u4eba\u56e0\u4e0e\u5de5\u6548\u5b66<\/strong>\u901a\u7528\u6307\u5357<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chartered Institute of Ergonomics& Human Factors, Three golden rules for home working, 2020, https:\/\/www.ergonomics.org.uk\/Public\/News_Events\/News_Items\/Three-golden-rules-for-home-working.aspx<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Japan Human Factors and ErgonomicsSociety, Ergonomic guidelines for laptop use, 2010 (in Japanese), https:\/\/www.ergonomics.jp\/official\/page-docs\/product\/guideline\/notePC-guideline-2010.pdf<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Susumu SAITO, Bruno PICCOLI, MichaelJ. SMITH, Midori SOTOYAMA, Glenn SWEITZER, Maria Beatriz G. VILLANUEVA, RyojiYOSHITAKE, Ergonomic Guidelines for Using Notebook Personal Computers,Industrial Health, 2000, 38:4421-434. https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/indhealth1963\/38\/4\/38_4_421\/_article\/-char\/en<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mobile Office Ltd., Ergonomicsguidance for mobile workers \u2013 quick reference sheets, https:\/\/www.mobileoffice.guru\/site_files\/5706\/upload_files\/MobileOfficeAllGuidancedocv1.pdf?dl=1<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Stanford University, EnvironmentalHealth & Safety, Telecommuting & Mobile Ergonomics, https:\/\/ehs.stanford.edu\/subtopic\/telecommuting-mobile-ergonomics<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Canadian Centre for OccupationalHealth and Safety(CCOHS), OSH Answers Fact Sheets: Telework \/ Telecommuting, https:\/\/www.ccohs.ca\/oshanswers\/hsprograms\/telework.html<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Washington State University, ENVIRONMENTALHEALTH & SAFETY Ergonomic Resources for Teleworkers, https:\/\/ehs.wsu.edu\/workplace-safety\/ergonomics\/ergonomic-evaluation\/<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

U.S. Office of Personnel Management,Telework Employees Safety Checklist, https:\/\/www.telework.gov\/federal-community\/telework-employees\/safety-checklist\/<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Federal Emergency Management Agency,USA, 7 Essential Tips for Safe and Healthy Teleworking, https:\/\/www.fema.gov\/7-essential-tips-safe-and-healthy-teleworking<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ILO Encyclopaedia, Telework, https:\/\/www.iloencyclopaedia.org\/part-xvii-65263\/office-and-retail-trades\/item\/648-telework<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

International ErgonomicsAssociation(IEA) andInternationalCommission on Occupational Health(ICOH), ERGONOMICS GUIDELINES FOR OCCUPATIONALHEALTH PRACTICE IN INDUSTRIALLY DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, 2010, http:\/\/www.icohweb.org\/site_new\/multimedia\/news\/pdf\/ERGONOMICS%20GUIDELINES%20Low%20res%20Final%20April%202010.pdf<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Author: <\/strong>Chinese Ergonomics Society, CES (\u4e2d\u56fd\u2f08\u7c7b\u2f2f\u6548\u5b66\u5b66\u4f1a\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Publisher: <\/strong>The IEA Press<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ISBN: <\/strong>978-0-9768143-1-3<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5f15\u81ea\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u7c7b\u5de5\u6548\u5b66\u4f1a\uff0c\u8fdc\u7a0b\u5de5\u4f5c\u6216\u5c45\u5bb6\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u4e03\u6761\u4eba\u56e0\u4e0e\u5de5\u6548\u5b66\u63d0\u9192<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6587\u6863\u4e0b\u8f7d\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e03\u6761\u4eba\u56e0\u4e0e\u5de5\u6548\u5b66\uff08HFE\uff09\u63d0\u793a<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u82f1\u6587\u539f\u7248\u5730\u5740\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Seven Practical Human Factors and Ergonomics (HF\/E) Tips for Teleworking\/Home-learning using Tablet\/Smartphone Devices<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6587\u6863\u4e0b\u8f7d\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

7tips_guideline_0506_en_final<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u5de5\u6548\u5b66\u63d0\u793a\uff08\u4e00\uff09 \u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u7801\u8bbe\u5907\u8fdb\u884c\u8fdc\u7a0b\u5de5\u4f5c\u6216\u5c45\u5bb6\u5b66\u4e60\u65f6\uff0c\u5c1d\u8bd520-20-20\u5efa\u8bae\u3002\u5373\u5de5\u4f5c\u6bcf\u969420\u5206\u949f\uff0c\u770b\u54112 ….  Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[37,47,81],"class_list":["post-1024","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-9","tag-ergonomics","tag-home-learning","tag-teleworking"],"views":812,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/summersnow.eu.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1024","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/summersnow.eu.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/summersnow.eu.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/summersnow.eu.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/summersnow.eu.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1024"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/summersnow.eu.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1024\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/summersnow.eu.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1024"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/summersnow.eu.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1024"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/summersnow.eu.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1024"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}